Atapuerca

Near the city of Burgos is the dig site, Atapuerca. Atapuerca is an excavation site where one the largest number of prehistoric human remains have been found in one place (28 in just one dig site), as well as the earliest human remains in all of Europe. It was fascinating.
While all of the discovered artifacts and remains had already been removed, we had a fantastic tour guide. He explained the most notable differences between neanderthals and humans, techniques in which tools were identified as opposed to just broken rocks, and helped us understand the societal structure of the people who lived here. They really were cavemen, dwelling in caverns and niches, often ones that had a chute straight down. That way, the animals would fall down and be trapped, they would be killed, and then the people would take some of the meat with them to their "home cave" (to avoid attracting bears and lions). It was really interesting.

Our entrance to the dig site also allowed us to go to the museum of human evolution, where, most notably, Indiana Jones was not far ahead.